Three ZEPA members, five ecosystem partners, proving all four pillars of electrification (below), at the largest container terminal in the Western Hemisphere.
A year ago, "electric terminal" still meant a pilot in the corner of the yard. At APM Terminals Pier 400 in the Port of Los Angeles, it now means 20 Orange EV electric terminal tractors at the gates, Kalmar electric AutoStrads in the stacks, and at least 95% of visiting vessels plugging into shore power on arrival. All of it running at a 507-acre unionised terminal that handled 62% more volume in 2025 than the year before. Earlier this year ILWU Local 13 mechanics completed North America's first hybrid-to-electric straddle carrier retrofit on site, with Kalmar engineering support.
Timur Atalay, Project Manager, on Pier 400's electric AutoStrad pilot, including North America's first hybrid-to-electric retrofit by ILWU Local 13 mechanics with Kalmar engineering support.
20
Orange EV electric terminal tractors in service, the largest ETT fleet at the Port of LA
134
Kalmar AutoStrads on the path to full electrification (3 electric, 131 hybrid)
95%+
Visiting vessels plugging into shore power at Pier 400
7→18 MW
Grid capacity trajectory, with LADWP and Port of LA
How it maps to the four pillars
It is proven
- 20 Orange EV HUSK-e electric terminal tractors in live operation, the largest ETT fleet at the Port of LA
- Kalmar electric AutoStrads running in the stacks
- ILWU Local 13 mechanics completed North America's first hybrid-to-electric straddle carrier retrofit on site, with Kalmar engineering support
It is scalable
- Roadmap to electrify remaining 131 AutoStrads (straddle carriers)
- Pacific Maritime Association training curriculum with ILWU Local 13, so the workforce scales with the fleet
- Pier 400 was part of APM Terminals' electrification pilot program; lessons learned are shared across terminals
It is becoming cost-competitive
- Maintenance cost runs 25% below diesel on electric CHE in operation (Kalmar data)
- Energy cost for electricity lower than diesel
It is becoming the default operating model beyond CHE
- At least 95% of visiting vessels plugging into shore power on arrival
- On site solar and BESS feasibility study under way
- Grid capacity expanding from 7 MW to 18 MW, coordinated across LADWP, the Port of LA, and APMT
3 ZEPA members
APM Terminals · Kalmar · Orange EV
5 ecosystem partners
Pacific Crane Maintenance Company (PCMC) · ILWU Local 13 · Pacific Maritime Association · Los Angeles Department of Water and Power (LADWP) · Port of Los Angeles
Three ZEPA members delivered the fleet together. Five ecosystem partners made the surrounding system work.
Sources: APM Terminals, Kalmar, Orange EV, Port of Los Angeles. Figures as of mid-2025. Published in coordination with ZEPA member organisations.